Burj Al Arab Jumeirah Hotel Dubai: The Other Side Of Dubai: Current Of Air Towers

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Search for "Dubai + architecture" inwards Google in addition to y'all volition honour numerous fantastic projects that had given this metropolis the reputation of an "urban Neverland". However that is non the existent icon y'all teach when y'all see the place. Yes, Dubai has the Burj Al Arab, the Palm Jumeirah Island, the metro systems inwards the Earth in addition to the Burj Dubai (or Burj Khalifa), the tallest edifice inwards the world. But is at that topographic point is non whatever Revolving Tower, or the flower-shaped hotel or Zaha Hadid's Dancing Towers, all projects canceled or indefinitely postponed past times the crisis.

Dancing Towers. Project past times Zaha Hadid.

However, real footling is mentioned most Dubai’s traditional architecture in addition to the spectacular in addition to dynamic procedure of modernization that the emirate has undergone inwards only a few decades. Even amid the ones who criticize Dubai every bit superficial in addition to frivolous, seem to receive got footling involvement most the emirate's vernacular architecture.

This article, therefore, aims to demo some fundamental features of the most characteristic domestic residential typology of Dubai: the wind tower, also nowadays inwards other emirates such every bit Sharjah in addition to Abu Dhabi, in addition to inwards countries similar Qatar in addition to Bahrain.


BRIEF HISTORY OF DUBAI

Dubai is non "a country" every bit is commonly mistaken, although it was similar to ane until recent years. Before the 19th century it was a small-scale hamlet on the road betwixt Europe in addition to India, occasionally inhabited past times nomadic Bedouin tribes who lived inwards the desert in addition to whose economic scheme was based on diving for pearls. The tribes were inwards accuse of dignitaries called “emirs”, who are a sort of princes, in addition to their domains were called “emirates”.

Dubai inwards 1822. Model at the Museum of Dubai.

In 1833, a clan living inwards Abu Dhabi decided to motility in addition to they settled inwards Dubai, becoming an independent emirate. Given the continuous threat from the Ottoman Turks, Dubai in addition to other emirates signed the Treaty of Truce amongst the British inwards 1835, offering benefits inwards central for state of war machine protection in addition to trade. In fact, inwards 1892 Dubai became a British protectorate.

Men drinking java in addition to smoking shisha, a traditional pipe.

Local adult woman inwards traditional dress. Dubai Museum.

In 1935 the Japanese invented an artificial agency to cultivate pearls (called Akoya pearls), which brought a negative behaviour on on the economic scheme inwards Dubai. Consequently, at that topographic point was a greater involvement to shift its economic scheme towards international trade, past times developing a major port inwards the Gulf.

In the 50s at that topographic point were high poverty rates inwards Dubai. Its streets were non paved, H2O was scarce, the buildings did non receive got air-conditioning in addition to at that topographic point were entirely 2 schools for girls. That province of affairs was aggravated past times a dismiss inwards 1955.

Dubai inwards 1950

In 1968 the British withdrew from the expanse leaving the Emirates every bit a grouping of principalities tilt amid themselves. In 1971 Dubai decides to bring together some other five emirates to shape a novel country, the United Arab Emirates, whose uppercase is Abu Dhabi (Qatar in addition to Bahrain were also invited to bring together them but decided to hold their independence). Fortunately for them, fossil oil was discovered, a resources that completely changed the fate of this small-scale country.

Dubai Creek inwards 1950

Dubai Creek today. Photo courtesy of Anton

URBAN PATTERN

The natural geography of the expanse was an estuary (a landform consisting of a penetration of the ocean inwards the coast) or creek, which, despite its shallow depth, offered natural weather for evolution of a port. Dubai Creek, was extended inwards the 50s to facilitate the port's functions. This creek divided the master copy metropolis into 2 parts: Deira in addition to Bur Dubai northeast to southwest.

Dubai Creek inwards 1960
Dubai Creek today

The urban pattern is organic, since at that topographic point was no urban planning in addition to the metropolis grew spontaneously. Using Kevin Lynch’s terminology, mosques served every bit both symbolic in addition to utilitarian metropolis landmarks, nowadays inwards the everyday sense of Islam, spell the souq or markets were trading nodes, especially for gilded in addition to spices, As for the neighborhoods, Bastakiya housed the immigrant population from Bastak, Persia, in addition to were those who introduced in addition to developed the brick-made air current towers made inwards Dubai.

NOMADIC ARCHITECTURE

Due to the nomadic lifestyle that characterized the Bedouins inwards the concluding century in addition to given the harsh climate in addition to scarce resources, the architecture tended to live ephemeral. Even inwards the to a greater extent than stable settlements such every bit Dubai, the buildings’ lifespan was an average of entirely five years.
The houses of the master copy population were built inwards Dubai barasti style, made of dried palm leaves, called Areesh, covered inwards mats or panels (usually imported from Islamic Republic of Iran or Oman) in addition to wooden poles (since at that topographic point are no trees inwards the desert the forest was imported from India). The wooden doors were also imported from India. No nails were used.

Model of a family inwards barasti style. Sheik Saeed Al-Maktoum house.

Despite the simplicity of its organization, the pattern of the houses was real effective to bargain amongst extreme temperatures.

These houses inwards this re-creation of a angling hamlet close the banks of Al Shindagha are real effecting inwards dropping downwardly the torrid temperature.

Wind towers were built temporarily inwards summertime in addition to taken downwardly during winter. Preferably the towers were located over the social area, mounted on poles planted inwards a foursquare distribution. However, this type of house, despite its relatively depression cost, was nether continuous opportunity of collapsing due to fires or storms.


SEDENTARY LIFE AND MANSONRY

The Farsi immigration during the 19th century, brought to Dubai novel in addition to to a greater extent than stable construction method , coupled amongst the increasing evolution in addition to modernization of Dubai, leading to sedentarization.
The novel techniques used underwater rock in addition to coral. The mortars used lime deposits industrial plant life inwards the estuary. Coral in addition to shells were also burnt to live used every bit lime for plastering the walls. The sarooj was a sort of cement imported from Islamic Republic of Iran in addition to used every bit waterproof material, ofttimes used inwards the finishing of baths. Interestingly, the stones were arranged diagonally, changing its administration alternately, forming a zigzag pattern.


Different types of forest were used for the structure, or for doors in addition to windows. The forest was imported from the African coast (particularly from Tanzania) in addition to India. Because the sand was non a propitious Earth to back upwards large loads, the interior walls tended to live lighter in addition to non receive got a real deep foundation.

Distribution

The outset houses built of masonry had 2 stories, organized inwards uncomplicated layouts. One representative is the family of Um Al Sheef Maljis Ghorfat that despite having been made inwards the 50s, was built inwards the trend of the outset houses. Just every bit all vernacular architecture inwards the Emirates, it is real simple, practical in addition to functional, expressing their technology in addition to designed to run across the demands of a harsh environment.

Maljis Ghorfat Um Al Sheef house

The construction is light, the mezzanines are supported past times a lattice of wooden beams that back upwards coral stones.


The interior is a unique room, amongst windows located on both sides in addition to at dissimilar heights, creating cross ventilation when opened. The small-scale round down upper holes allow warm air to escape, which tends to rising toward the ceiling of the room.


To trim the outcome of the heat, the houses were built real closed together forming narrow passages (sikka) then that the high walls of buildings furnish shade during much of the day.
The narrow passages are opened to small-scale squares, where y'all tin appreciate the volumetry of the houses, harmoniously arranged inwards a succession of sizes, views, levels in addition to depths.

Spatial sequence of narrow streets in addition to squares.

The large houses are normally organized closed to a courtyard, in addition to consisted of 2 stories (not counting the air current towers). This scheme increased airflow to the rooms spell offering a courtyard inwards the desert climate, a technique used past times Arabs for centuries.



At the same time, courtyards, closed galleries in addition to the few openings to the exterior are an appear of Islam, extremely private, especially inwards regard to women.


WIND TOWERS

The then called barajils or air current towers are the most distinctive chemical constituent of the architecture inwards the emirates. They receive got a prismatic form, in addition to they are opened upwards on all 4 sides forming an X.

All the towers vary inwards thir design, ornamentation in addition to layout.

This cylindrical tower inwards a family inwards Sharjah, the emirate northward of Dubai, is unique inwards the UAE.

The towers extract the hot air past times conduction, such every bit a fireplace does, in addition to arrive at refreshing breezes. H5N1 ventilation scheme is mandatory, given the high temperatures in addition to extreme humidity of Dubai.

The typical protruding wooden beams nurture the structure's resistance in addition to at the same fourth dimension serve every bit scaffolding to facilitate the tower's maintenance.

Using a model of the Bukash house, Dr Anne Coles in addition to Peter Jackson carried out estimator analysis of airflow inwards the towers. In bluish color y'all tin consider how the breeze from exterior is captured in addition to taken within the home, fifty-fifty amongst the doors closed.In dark-green color, the indoor air is sucked in addition to taken out of the house.


Reappraising

In the 70s when the production of fossil oil in addition to port developed began to convey to Dubai development, many families moved into modern houses spell the traditional ones were neglected, abandoned or demolished past times developers.


However, from the mid-80s an endeavor to recover, save in addition to fifty-fifty to rebuild Dubai-s traditional heritage is beingness carried out. As a final result at that topographic point are several buildings that receive got been declared monuments or areas that are recovered every bit monumental areas.

Moreover, in addition to reverse to what is shown on the internet, most urban architectural developments inwards Dubai comprise elements of vernacular architecture, in addition to although inwards some cases the results are kitschy, inwards others at that topographic point is a serious endeavor to bear witness to honour their ain identity.

The Madinat Jumeirah Hotel (adjacent to the Burj Al Arab) in addition to the Lake Panorama Hotel (next to the Burj Dubai) are maybe likewise literal inwards their interpretation of Dubai’s traditional architecture, occasionally resembling historicism in addition to nostalgia. However,, inwards an urban level, they usage the basic layout of the traditional neighborhoods such every bit Bastakiya in addition to reinterpret them, adding landscape elements such every bit vegetation in addition to water. The final result are fresh in addition to visually appealing spaces.

Madinat Jumeirah Hotel

I intend the reappraising of traditional architecture inwards the midst of the modernization of Dubai is an externalization of the grapheme of its people. That is why it is then mutual to consider a local human wearing his traditional white kandora spell driving a Ferrari, or a local adult woman completely covered inwards dark abaya, carrying a colorful Louis Vuitton purse.

Together amongst Mr. Abdulrahman in addition to architect Ahmed Bukash, one-time owners of the first-class Bukash family (used for estimator analysis), straightaway demolished past times the authorities to brand agency for holding development. My eternal gratitude for their warm hospitality in addition to generosity.

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